1 Applications

This chapter offers informations about major Applications.

1.1 Text Editors

Text Editors are programs allowing to enter and edit unformatted text. Generally, this means text that is meant to be manipulated by machine, rather than human. Programmers use these to enter the text for compilers. Since UNIX machines don’t typically have word processors, most text processing starts with a text editor, then is filtered through a page layout system (LaTeX, for example) to produce attractive paper results.

Commercial Products

CygnusEd Professional and TurboText seem to be the main contenders in the professional realm. The Fred Fish disks contain dozens of other shareware text editors. A demo version of TurboText is on Fish disk 445. A very old demo of CygnusEd is on Fish disk 95 (testament to its lasting-power). In the following some freely distributable editors will be discussed.

Emacs

Gnu Emacs (the "G" is not silent) comes from Unix and is probably the king of editors – it’s huge (about 1 Megabyte), feature-packed (it does windows and even contains a game!) and extensible (if you know lisp you can write new emacs functions and bind them to any key combination). On the other hand, it may be too huge, its feature-ladenness is imposing, and its extensibility often means you can’t use someone else’s emacs configuration. Source: Aminet (directory ‘util/gnu’).

Vi

The leaner, less configurable, non-extensible cousin to gnu emacs is vi (pronounced "vee eye"). Unix people like vi especially because you find it on any Unix machine. What you choose is personal preference, and will mark you for life. Vim is a good vi for the amiga, and is on Fish disk 591 or in the ‘util/gnu’ directory of Aminet.

DME

Many Amiga programmers like DME. It’s fast, fully configurable; menus may be created and any key may be mapped. It’s much easier to learn DME than than Emacs or Vi. There are three different versions: AmokEd, DME and XDME. It’s a matter of opinion which you prefer. (Oberon and Modula programmers like AmokEd because it’s written in Oberon and supports AmigaOberon error messages, C programmers like DME or XDME.) Sources: Aminet (directory ‘util/edit’), Fish disk 776 (XDME) and 749 (AmokEd), AMOK 90.

1.2 What word processors are there?

A word processor is the typical application for writing notes, letters or reports on a computer. Unless you prepare newsletters on a weekly basis, your word procesor is probably your workhorse program. Thus choosing one you are comfortable with determines how comfortable you are with your computer. Word processors can offer a variety of features, and many can approach the sophistication required for Desktop Publishing (see section Desktop Publishing) but no one uses them for programming, for which text editors are more suited.

One distinguishes between Wysiwyg programs (What you see is what you get) and page layout languages. Wysiwyg programs should be fast, comfortable and easy to use. Most people prefer them. The alternative is an approach that works similar to compilers. You feed text files to a a program that produces the layout which may be previewed on screen or printed. LaTeX takes this approach. See section What is TeX and where can I get it?. Lout is another such system which seems smaller, easier to learn and has full documentation included, but it is nonstandard. Lout produces Postscript output. (I don’t know if this is an advantage or disadvantage. ;-) See section Are there any Postscript interpreters?. Both programs are freely distributable.

There are a lot of wysiwyg programs, but only commercial products: FinalWriter, Final Copy II, Wordworth, Word Perfect, AmiWrite, Beckertext II, Maxon Word and many others. I don’t dare to recommend any. All I can say is: Give yourself time to make a selection.

1.3 Desktop Publishing

These programs offer features lacking in word processors, usually tailored to flexible arrangement of text, but often don’t provide all of the text manipulation that a good word processor provides. The best desktop publishing programs strive to provide the features of both, just as the best word processors strive to provide the features of desktop publishing programs. Microsoft Word (Mac, PC) is a good example of a word processing program that offers many page layout feature. Framemaker (UNIX, Macintosh, DOS, etc.) is an example of a desktop publishing system that offers most needed word processing functions. As yet, no Amiga program has bridged the gap, though the main word processors are coming close. (On the other hand, even many sophisticated programs don’t support typesetting mathematics, tables, producing bibliographies, indexes, or cross-references. The page layout languages do, and programs like Frame are improving their support of such features.) Unless you need to prepare fancy newsletters or promotional literature, a word processing program is probably enough. See section What word processors are there?.

There are not yet any freely distributable wysiwyg desktop publishing systems. Commercial products are ProPage and PageStream. They have been playing leapfrog for the past few years. It appears that PageStream 3.0 is about to leap ahead. A more detailed description of these products and their differences is welcome. Both programs’ list prices are $299. Student discounts are available (approx 40% discount.)

1.4 What is TeX and where can I get it?

TeX is a very powerful wordprocessing system. It can display mathematical formulas or complex tables as well as function graphs, creates indices, contents and many other things. Its greatest advantage is that it is freely distributable (TeX, not the previewers and the printer drivers!) and that you find TeX all over the world on every computer family. Its greatest disadvantage is that it isn’t very handy (works similar to a compiler) and it isn’t wysiwyg. But many people like it. (BTW: This document is written using TeX. 8-) See section What word processors are there?.

There are two major implementations on the Amiga. The first one, Amiga-TeX, from Thomas Rockicki and Radical Eye software is commercial. It is said to be excellent and his owners seem to be very satisfied. But it costs at least 200$.

I recommend PasTeX, a freely distributable version. People seem to have problems installing PasTeX, especially the font loading and generation (It’s a quite complex program.) but I did not here anyone upset once it was installed. (A friend with knowledge of TeX helps immensely.) A few words should be said what you need:

• 5 disks containing the TeX-compiler itself
• 2 disks containing MetaFont
• Nothing more

Many people ask for fonts. They are included in the MetaFont-package and can get compiled by you. All you need to do is setting up your TeX-system in the right way which is described in the documentation. Please note that the PasTeX disks are compressed using the program Zoom. (@pxref{Endings}) Sources: FTP at ftp.uni-passau.de, directory ‘/pub/amiga/tex/PasTeX1.3’ and the Fish CDs.

1.5 Are there any Postscript interpreters?

PostScript is a programming language designed to be used to describe printing on pages. Apple helped make PostScript popular by selling printers with built in PostScript interpreters. Many programs have evolved to produce PostScript programs as their output, making PostScript the lingua franca of printing. Until recently, in order to print a PostScript file, you had to have a relatively expensive laser printer. The development that changed this was the software PostScript interpreter. These programs allow your computer to interpret PostScript programs, and produce the matrix of dots to send to your normal graphics printer.

One of the benefits of PostScript is that it is resolution independent. What this means is that it can support the highest resolution of your device – and that you can reasonably preview PostScript on a low resolution screen.

There are two free PostScript interpreters for the Amiga. Post and Ghostscript. Post comes as an Amiga shared library along with front ends for previewing to the screen and printing. This structure allows others to write programs that can show PostScript images on screen. In fact, AmigaTeX uses Post’s library to support incorporation of PostScript into documents. Ghostscript similarly comes in two programs, but not as a shared library. Ghostscript is the rendering engine, and Ghostview is the front end. Sources: Aminet (directorys ‘text/print’ and ‘text/dtp’), Fish disk 669

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